Mutual phenomena of Galilean sattelites (Dec 2002 .. Apr 2003)
Eclipse of Io by Europa, dec30, 2002
Occultation of Ganymede by Callisto, dec30,
2002
Every 6 years or so, the Earth and Sun intersect the orbital plane of Jupiter's
sattelites. In these periods, we can observe occultations and eclipses
of the Galilean sattelites. The current period (which lasts through April
2003) is particularly good for the observations, as Jupiter is high in the
sky most of the night.
IMCCE
in France organises a campaign of observations of the mutual events. The
link to the campaign's page is
here.
This page contains very good information about the finer points on making
these observations.
The equipment i use for the observations is as follows:
- 12'' LX200 telescope;
- cpx3m
ccd camera;
- A Garmin OEM GPS receiver (used to get the exact time);
The camera is normally used with a NIR filter (RG695), which dims the very
bright sattelites, and also reduces the atmospheric scintillation, which is
the dominant error source in the measurements.
Observing an even takes around half an hour, during which about 400 ccd
frames are taken. The framing is done so that the frame contains both the
target sattelite(s) and at least one sattelite that does not participate
in the event and is used for reference. Exposures are of the order of 1-2
seconds.
The reduction of data consists of three steps: first, the frames are dark-substracted
and flat-fielded. Then, using the (semi) automatic routine from my
cx
software, the magnitudes of the images sattelites is measured, and output
into a data file. After a quick check of the data (using gnuplot), the file
is sent to IMCCE. The people at IMCCE extract the exact time of the event
by fitting the teoretical light curve to the data.